The quick answer

Mount the scope level with correct eye relief, bore sight to get close, then fire three-shot groups at 25 yards to get on paper. Move to 100 yards (or your chosen zero distance), measure from the center of the group to the target, and convert that distance into clicks. Confirm with another group before you lock the turrets.

Key takeaways
  • Adjust from the center of a group, never from a single shot.
  • At 25 yards, each click moves the impact one quarter as far as it does at 100 yards.
  • A 1/4 MOA click moves the impact about 1/4 inch at 100 yards; a 0.1 MIL click moves it about 0.36 inch.
  • Lock or reset your turrets after the final group so a bump cannot move your zero.

Mount the scope correctly first

  1. Set the rings or mount. Use the ring height that gives the objective bell clearance over the barrel.
  2. Set eye relief. With the scope on its highest magnification, slide it forward or back until you see a full, clear picture from your normal shooting position.
  3. Level the reticle. Level the rifle first, then rotate the scope until the vertical crosshair is plumb.
  4. Torque to spec. Tighten ring and base screws evenly to the torque values the manufacturer lists.

Field tipFocus the reticle before you start: look at a bright, plain background and turn the eyepiece until the crosshair is sharp at a glance.

Bore sight to get close

Bore sighting saves ammunition. With a bolt action, remove the bolt, rest the rifle steady, and look through the bore at a target about 25 yards away, then adjust the scope until the crosshair sits on the same spot. On rifles where you cannot look down the bore, a laser bore sighter does the same job.

Bore sighting only gets you on paper. It never replaces live fire.

Get on paper at 25 yards

From a steady rest such as a bipod, sandbags, or a shooting rest, fire a three-shot group at 25 yards. Find the center of the group and measure how far it is from your aiming point, both up or down and left or right.

Turn the turrets in the direction marked for the impact to move. Arrows on the caps read "UP" or "R" for the direction the bullet impact will move.

The click math, made simple

Scopes adjust in angular units, so the distance one click moves the impact grows with range.

How far one click moves the impact
Click valueAt 25 yardsAt 100 yards
1/4 MOAabout 0.065 inabout 0.26 in
1/2 MOAabout 0.13 inabout 0.52 in
0.1 MILabout 0.09 inabout 0.36 in

Formula: clicks needed = distance off target ÷ (inches per click at that range). Example: your group is 1 inch low at 100 yards and the scope has 1/4 MOA clicks. 1 ÷ 0.26 is about 4 clicks up.

At 25 yards the same 1 inch would need about 15 clicks, because each click moves the impact only a quarter as far.

Confirm your zero at distance

Move to your zero distance, commonly 100 yards for centerfire rifles and 50 yards for rimfire, and fire another three-shot group. Make your final adjustment from the group center, let the barrel cool, and fire a confirmation group.

Once you are happy, lock the turrets or slip the caps to zero if your scope allows it, and write the zero distance and ammunition on a piece of tape on the stock.

Safety firstFollow every range rule, keep the muzzle pointed safely downrange, and wear eye and ear protection.

Why your zero can shift

  • Changing ammunition. Different bullet weights and loads often hit in different places.
  • Loose screws. Check ring and base screws if groups suddenly open up.
  • Parallax. On scopes with an adjustable objective, set it to the target distance before you shoot.
  • Travel. Confirm your zero after a long drive or flight before you hunt.

A few good questions.

How many clicks is 1 inch at 100 yards?

About 4 clicks on a 1/4 MOA scope, about 2 on a 1/2 MOA scope, and about 3 on a 0.1 MIL scope.

Should I sight in at 25 or 100 yards?

Use 25 yards to get on paper safely and cheaply, then confirm and fine-tune at your intended zero distance, commonly 100 yards for centerfire and 50 yards for rimfire.

How many shots does it take to sight in a scope?

Usually 10 to 20 rounds if you bore sight first and adjust from three-shot groups rather than single shots.

Which way do I turn the turret?

Turn it in the direction marked on the cap for where you want the impact to move. "UP" moves impacts up and "R" moves them right.

What does MOA mean on a scope?

MOA, or minute of angle, is 1/60 of a degree. It covers about 1.047 inches at 100 yards, so a 1/4 MOA click moves the impact about a quarter inch at that range.

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Our approach

Written by Outdoor Gear Verdict Editorial. Grounded in standard riflescope adjustment math and range practice. Always follow local regulations and the manufacturer instructions for your equipment. Read our editorial standards.